Timber drying kilns operate at temperatures between 40 and 90 degrees Celsius for periods of days to weeks, creating sustained heat stress risks during loading, monitoring, and maintenance activities. Kiln interiors constitute confined spaces under WHS Regulation 2025, requiring permit-to-work systems for all entries during maintenance, cleaning, and inspection. The combination of timber fuel load, elevated temperatures, and electrical heating elements creates a persistent fire risk that requires dedicated suppression systems. This template covers kiln loading, operation, and maintenance with controls mapped to the binding Confined Spaces Code effective 1 July 2026.
WHS Regulation 2025 Part 4.3 — Confined Spaces; Part 4.4 — Fire Prevention
Work in a confined space
Confined Spaces (binding 1 July 2026 under Section 26A)
Yes — Confined Spaces code binding July 2026. Non-compliance is a standalone offence.
| Hazard | Consequence | Likelihood |
|---|---|---|
| Heat stress during kiln loading and inspection at operating temperature | Heat exhaustion, heat stroke, collapse | Possible |
| Confined space atmospheric hazards during kiln maintenance | Oxygen depletion, toxic gas exposure, asphyxiation | Possible |
| Fire from kiln malfunction, heating element failure, or timber ignition | Building fire, structural collapse, fatality | Unlikely |
| Burns from contact with hot surfaces, steam lines, and heated timber | Thermal burns to skin | Possible |
| Timber stack collapse during loading and unloading operations | Crush injuries, fractures | Possible |
Worker suffered heat stroke after entering operating kiln to adjust timber stack without heat stress controls. No confined space permit system and no temperature monitoring for personnel entry.
2023 — WorkSafe Victoria Prosecution Database
Our WHS consultants develop kiln operation SWMS with confined space procedures, heat stress controls, and fire prevention systems.
Contact Us