Confined Spaces SWMS

Confined space incidents frequently result in multiple fatalities because rescuers enter without adequate protection and become victims themselves. The WHS Regulation 2025 classifies work in a confined space as high risk construction work requiring a SWMS and a confined space entry permit. This template covers atmospheric monitoring, ventilation, rescue planning, and standby person requirements mapped to the binding Confined Spaces Code of Practice effective 1 July 2026 and AS 2865.

Legal Requirements

regulation

WHS Regulation 2025 Part 4.4 — High Risk Construction Work

hrcw category

Work in a confined space

code of practice

Confined Spaces (binding 1 July 2026 under Section 26A)

section 26a binding

Yes — effective 1 July 2026. Non-compliance is admissible as evidence of breach.

Hazards

Hazard	Consequence	Likelihood
Oxygen depletion below 19.5% or enrichment above 23.5%	Unconsciousness, death within minutes	Possible
Toxic gas accumulation — H2S, CO, methane	Poisoning, unconsciousness, death	Possible
Flammable atmosphere ignition	Explosion, fatal burns	Unlikely
Entrapment by converging walls, equipment, or narrow access	Crush injuries, asphyxiation	Possible
Engulfment by liquid, grain, or loose material	Drowning, suffocation	Unlikely
Failed rescue attempt — rescuer becomes second victim	Multiple fatalities	Possible

Controls (Hierarchy of Controls)

Eliminate confined space entry by performing work from outside using remote tools, cameras, or mechanical means

Conduct continuous atmospheric testing for O2, LEL, H2S, and CO before and during entry using calibrated 4-gas monitor

Install forced ventilation to maintain safe atmosphere throughout the entry period

Implement a confined space entry permit system signed by competent person before each entry

Station a trained standby person at the entry point with communication equipment for the entire duration

Develop and rehearse a rescue plan with rescue equipment — tripod, winch, SCBA — staged at the entry point

Isolate all energy sources, pipelines, and mechanical equipment connected to the space using LOTO procedures

Ensure all entrants and standby persons hold current confined space training per AS 2865

Recent Prosecutions

Confined space fatality cases (multiple jurisdictions)$200,000–$600,000 (various cases)

Multiple fatality events across Australian jurisdictions where workers entered confined spaces without atmospheric testing, permits, or rescue plans. In several cases, would-be rescuers also died.

2023 — Safe Work Australia Confined Space Incident Summary Reports

What Your SWMS Must Include

✓Confined space identification register with hazard classification for each space

✓Atmospheric testing procedure — gas types, alarm set points, calibration records

✓Entry permit template with sign-on/sign-off, time limits, and emergency contacts

✓Rescue plan including equipment list, trained rescuer names, and rehearsal records

✓Standby person responsibilities and communication protocols

Related SWMS

Hot Work →Excavation →Electrical Work →

Need a compliant Confined Spaces SWMS?

Our WHS consultants develop confined space SWMS with atmospheric monitoring procedures and rescue plans that satisfy regulator expectations and AS 2865 requirements.